Authors

Gilbert Bergna-Diaz, Daniele Zonetti, Santiago Sanchez, Romeo Ortega, Elisabetta Tedeschi

Abstract

In this paper, a decentralized PI passivity-based controller is applied to modular multilevel converters to ensure global stability of a multiterminal high-voltage direct current system. For the derivation of the controller, an appropriate model with constant steady-state solutions is obtained via a multifrequency orthogonal coordinates transformation. The control design is then completed using passivity arguments, and performance guarantees are established by a small-signal analysis. The obtained results are validated by means of detailed time-domain simulations both on a single-terminal and a four-terminal benchmarks.

Citation

  • Journal: IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics
  • Year: 2019
  • Volume: 7
  • Issue: 4
  • Pages: 2453–2466
  • Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
  • DOI: 10.1109/jestpe.2018.2889152

BibTeX

@article{Bergna_Diaz_2019,
  title={{PI Passivity-Based Control and Performance Analysis of MMC Multiterminal HVDC Systems}},
  volume={7},
  ISSN={2168-6785},
  DOI={10.1109/jestpe.2018.2889152},
  number={4},
  journal={IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics},
  publisher={Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)},
  author={Bergna-Diaz, Gilbert and Zonetti, Daniele and Sanchez, Santiago and Ortega, Romeo and Tedeschi, Elisabetta},
  year={2019},
  pages={2453--2466}
}

Download the bib file

References

  • Freytes, J. et al. Improving Small-Signal Stability of an MMC With CCSC by Control of the Internally Stored Energy. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery vol. 33 429–439 (2018) – 10.1109/tpwrd.2017.2725579
  • Hernandez-Gomez, M., Ortega, R., Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue, F. & Escobar, G. Adaptive PI Stabilization of Switched Power Converters. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology vol. 18 688–698 (2010) – 10.1109/tcst.2009.2023669
  • Zonetti, D., Ortega, R. & Benchaib, A. Modeling and control of HVDC transmission systems from theory to practice and back. Control Engineering Practice vol. 45 133–146 (2015) – 10.1016/j.conengprac.2015.09.012
  • Zonetti, D., Ortega, R. & Benchaib, A. A globally asymptotically stable decentralized PI controller for multi-terminal high-voltage DC transmission systems. 2014 European Control Conference (ECC) 1397–1403 (2014) doi:10.1109/ecc.2014.6862419 – 10.1109/ecc.2014.6862419
  • Bergna-Diaz, G., Freytes, J., Guillaud, X., D’Arco, S. & Suul, J. A. Generalized Voltage-Based State-Space Modeling of Modular Multilevel Converters With Constant Equilibrium in Steady State. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics vol. 6 707–725 (2018) – 10.1109/jestpe.2018.2793159
  • Bergna, G., Suul, J. A. & D’Arco, S. State-space modelling of modular multilevel converters for constant variables in steady-state. 2016 IEEE 17th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL) (2016) doi:10.1109/compel.2016.7556695 – 10.1109/compel.2016.7556695
  • antonopoulos, On dynamics and voltage control of the modular multilevel converter. Proc 13th Eur Conf Power Electron Appl (2009)
  • Harnefors, L., Antonopoulos, A., Norrga, S., Angquist, L. & Nee, H.-P. Dynamic Analysis of Modular Multilevel Converters. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics vol. 60 2526–2537 (2013) – 10.1109/tie.2012.2194974
  • Bergna-Diaz, G., Zonetti, D., Sanchez, S., Tedeschi, E. & Ortega, R. PI passivity-based control of modular multilevel converters for multi-terminal HVDC systems. 2017 IEEE 18th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL) 1–8 (2017) doi:10.1109/compel.2017.8013329 – 10.1109/compel.2017.8013329
  • Rohner, S., Weber, J. & Bernet, S. Continuous model of Modular Multilevel Converter with experimental verification. 2011 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition 4021–4028 (2011) doi:10.1109/ecce.2011.6064316 – 10.1109/ecce.2011.6064316
  • Christe, A. & Dujic, D. State-space modeling of modular multilevel converters including line frequency transformer. 2015 17th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’15 ECCE-Europe) 1–10 (2015) doi:10.1109/epe.2015.7309055 – 10.1109/epe.2015.7309055
  • vrana, The Cigré B4 DC grid test system. Electra (2013)
  • Bestpaths eu project (2017)
  • Beerten, J., D’Arco, S. & Suul, J. A. Frequency‐dependent cable modelling for small‐signal stability analysis of VSC‐HVDC systems. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution vol. 10 1370–1381 (2016) – 10.1049/iet-gtd.2015.0868
  • Rohner, S., Bernet, S., Hiller, M. & Sommer, R. Modulation, Losses, and Semiconductor Requirements of Modular Multilevel Converters. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics vol. 57 2633–2642 (2010) – 10.1109/tie.2009.2031187
  • khalil, Nonlinear Systems (1996)
  • kundur, Power System Stability and Control (1994)
  • Beerten, J., D’Arco, S. & Suul, J. A. Identification and Small-Signal Analysis of Interaction Modes in VSC MTDC Systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery vol. 31 888–897 (2016) – 10.1109/tpwrd.2015.2467965
  • duindam, Modeling and Control of Complex Physical Systems The Port-Hamiltonian Approach (2014)
  • Putting energy back in control. IEEE Control Systems vol. 21 18–33 (2001) – 10.1109/37.915398
  • Lesnicar, A. & Marquardt, R. An innovative modular multilevel converter topology suitable for a wide power range. 2003 IEEE Bologna Power Tech Conference Proceedings, vol. 3 272–277 – 10.1109/ptc.2003.1304403
  • van der schaft, L2-Gain and Passivity in Nonlinear Control (1999)
  • HVDC Grids. (2016) doi:10.1002/9781119115243 – 10.1002/9781119115243
  • Khan, S. & Tedeschi, E. Modeling of MMC for Fast and Accurate Simulation of Electromagnetic Transients: A Review. Energies vol. 10 1161 (2017) – 10.3390/en10081161
  • Qingrui Tu, Zheng Xu & Lie Xu. Reduced Switching-Frequency Modulation and Circulating Current Suppression for Modular Multilevel Converters. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery vol. 26 2009–2017 (2011) – 10.1109/tpwrd.2011.2115258
  • Saad, H. et al. Modular Multilevel Converter Models for Electromagnetic Transients. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery vol. 29 1481–1489 (2014) – 10.1109/tpwrd.2013.2285633
  • Li, T., Gole, A. M. & Zhao, C. Harmonic Instability in MMC-HVDC Converters Resulting From Internal Dynamics. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery vol. 31 1738–1747 (2016) – 10.1109/tpwrd.2016.2542188
  • tu, Reduced switching-frequency modulation and circulating current suppression for modular multilevel converters. Proc IEEE PES Transmiss Distrib Conf Expo (T&D) (2012)
  • Bollobás, B. Modern Graph Theory. Graduate Texts in Mathematics (Springer New York, 1998). doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0619-4 – 10.1007/978-1-4612-0619-4
  • Teodorescu, R., Liserre, M. & Rodríguez, P. Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems. (2010) doi:10.1002/9780470667057 – 10.1002/9780470667057