Optimal load-sharing in isolated DC microgrids using an adaptive model predictive control

Authors

Walter Gil-González, Alejandro Garcés-Ruiz, Oscar Danilo Montoya

Abstract

This paper presents an adaptive one-step model predictive control (MPC) strategy for optimal load-sharing and voltage regulation in isolated direct current (DC) microgrids. Utilizing a port-Hamiltonian representation within a reduced model, the proposed secondary control method ensures physically consistent actions and incorporates a recursive least-squares algorithm for real-time estimation of the reduced conductance matrix. The one-step formulation enables the analytical derivation of the optimal control law, ensuring convexity and global optimality for real-time implementation. Additionally, a convex optimization procedure is introduced to compute droop control gains, maintaining the passivity properties of the system while balancing current sharing and voltage regulation within operational constraints. Dynamic simulations on a realistic DC microgrid benchmark validate the method’s effectiveness, demonstrating enhancements in load-sharing accuracy, voltage regulation, and responsiveness to abrupt demand changes. These results highlight the potential of the proposed MPC framework to improve the reliability and efficiency of DC microgrid operations.

Keywords

dc microgrids, one-step model predictive control, optimal load-sharing, port-hamiltonian systems, recursive least squares

Citation

• Journal: Results in Engineering
• Year: 2026
• Volume: 29
• Issue:
• Pages: 109067
• Publisher: Elsevier BV
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.109067

BibTeX

@article{Gil_Gonz_lez_2026,
  title={{Optimal load-sharing in isolated DC microgrids using an adaptive model predictive control}},
  volume={29},
  ISSN={2590-1230},
  DOI={10.1016/j.rineng.2026.109067},
  journal={Results in Engineering},
  publisher={Elsevier BV},
  author={Gil-González, Walter and Garcés-Ruiz, Alejandro and Montoya, Oscar Danilo},
  year={2026},
  pages={109067}
}

Download the bib file

References

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