Authors

Jacquelien M.A. Scherpen

Abstract

This paper presents an overview of two different perspectives that we take to smart energy systems, both in the power and the gas grid. The first is taking a distributed optimal control point of view, applicable to a network of households with production devices, but also with demand side control, and with power-to-gas facilities. The expected future market structure is also considered. The second perspective considers the physics of the power grid, and the full order models that we can build. A port-Hamiltonian perspective is briefly considered, and some questions about the coupling of the two perspectives are raised.

Keywords

Smart energy; Distributed control; Dual decomposition; Market structure; Energy based modeling

Citation

  • Journal: European Journal of Control
  • Year: 2015
  • Volume: 24
  • Issue:
  • Pages: 63–71
  • Publisher: Elsevier BV
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcon.2015.04.005
  • Note: SI: ECC15

BibTeX

@article{Scherpen_2015,
  title={{Distributed supply–demand balancing and the physics of smart energy systems}},
  volume={24},
  ISSN={0947-3580},
  DOI={10.1016/j.ejcon.2015.04.005},
  journal={European Journal of Control},
  publisher={Elsevier BV},
  author={Scherpen, Jacquelien M.A.},
  year={2015},
  pages={63--71}
}

Download the bib file

References

  • Alizadeh, M., Scaglione, A. & Kesidis, G. Scalable model predictive control of demand for ancillary services. 2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) 684–689 (2013) doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6688038 – 10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6688038
  • Alkano, D., Kuiper, I. & Scherpen, J. M. A. Distributed MPC for Power-to-Gas facilities embedded in the energy grids. 2015 European Control Conference (ECC) 1474–1479 (2015) doi:10.1109/ecc.2015.7330747 – 10.1109/ecc.2015.7330747
  • Massoud Amin, S. Smart Grid: Overview, Issues and Opportunities. Advances and Challenges in Sensing, Modeling, Simulation, Optimization and Control. European Journal of Control vol. 17 547–567 (2011) – 10.3166/ejc.17.547-567
  • Beaudin, M., Zareipour, H., Schellenberglabe, A. & Rosehart, W. Energy storage for mitigating the variability of renewable electricity sources: An updated review. Energy for Sustainable Development vol. 14 302–314 (2010) – 10.1016/j.esd.2010.09.007
  • Bemporad, A. & Morari, M. Control of systems integrating logic, dynamics, and constraints. Automatica vol. 35 407–427 (1999) – 10.1016/s0005-1098(98)00178-2
  • Bergen, A. R. & Hill, D. J. A Structure Preserving Model for Power System Stability Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems vol. PAS-100 25–35 (1981) – 10.1109/tpas.1981.316883
  • Biegel, Congestion management in a smart grid via shadow prices. Power Plants Power Syst. Control (2012)
  • Boyd, (2009)
  • Caliskan, S. Y. & Tabuada, P. Compositional Transient Stability Analysis of Multimachine Power Networks. IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems vol. 1 4–14 (2014) – 10.1109/tcns.2014.2304868
  • Camacho, (1997)
  • Dorfler, F., Simpson-Porco, J. W. & Bullo, F. Plug-and-play control and optimization in microgrids. 53rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control 211–216 (2014) doi:10.1109/cdc.2014.7039383 – 10.1109/cdc.2014.7039383
  • de Boer, H. S., Grond, L., Moll, H. & Benders, R. The application of power-to-gas, pumped hydro storage and compressed air energy storage in an electricity system at different wind power penetration levels. Energy vol. 72 360–370 (2014) – 10.1016/j.energy.2014.05.047
  • Fiaz, S., Zonetti, D., Ortega, R., Scherpen, J. M. A. & van der Schaft, A. J. A port-Hamiltonian approach to power network modeling and analysis. European Journal of Control vol. 19 477–485 (2013)10.1016/j.ejcon.2013.09.002
  • García-Canseco, E., Alvarez-Aguirre, A. & Scherpen, J. M. A. Modeling for control of a kinematic wobble-yoke Stirling engine. Renewable Energy vol. 75 808–817 (2015) – 10.1016/j.renene.2014.10.038
  • Giselsson, P., Doan, M. D., Keviczky, T., Schutter, B. D. & Rantzer, A. Accelerated gradient methods and dual decomposition in distributed model predictive control. Automatica vol. 49 829–833 (2013) – 10.1016/j.automatica.2013.01.009
  • Giselsson, P. & Rantzer, A. On Feasibility, Stability and Performance in Distributed Model Predictive Control. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control vol. 59 1031–1036 (2014) – 10.1109/tac.2013.2285779
  • Gkatzikis, L., Koutsopoulos, I. & Salonidis, T. The Role of Aggregators in Smart Grid Demand Response Markets. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications vol. 31 1247–1257 (2013) – 10.1109/jsac.2013.130708
  • Houwing, M., Negenborn, R. R. & De Schutter, B. Demand Response With Micro-CHP Systems. Proceedings of the IEEE vol. 99 200–213 (2011) – 10.1109/jproc.2010.2053831
  • Jokic, A., van den Bosch, P. P. J. & Lazar, M. Distributed Price-based Optimal Control of Power Systems. 2007 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications 910–915 (2007) doi:10.1109/cca.2007.4389349 – 10.1109/cca.2007.4389349
  • Joo, J.-Y. & Ilic, M. D. Multi-Layered Optimization Of Demand Resources Using Lagrange Dual Decomposition. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid vol. 4 2081–2088 (2013) – 10.1109/tsg.2013.2261565
  • Khattak, A. R., Mahmud, S. A. & Khan, G. M. The Power to Deliver: Trends in Smart Grid Solutions. IEEE Power and Energy Magazine vol. 10 56–64 (2012) – 10.1109/mpe.2012.2196336
  • Kundur, (1993)
  • Iacovella, S. et al. Double-layered control methodology combining price objective and grid constraints. 2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) 25–30 (2013) doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6687928 – 10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6687928
  • Larsen, G. K. H., Pons, J., Achterop, S. & Scherpen, J. M. A. Distributed MPC applied to power demand side control. 2013 European Control Conference (ECC) 3295–3300 (2013) doi:10.23919/ecc.2013.6669616 – 10.23919/ecc.2013.6669616
  • Larsen, G. K. H., van Foreest, N. D. & Scherpen, J. M. A. Distributed Control of the Power Supply-Demand Balance. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid vol. 4 828–836 (2013) – 10.1109/tsg.2013.2242907
  • Larsen, G. K. H., van Foreest, N. D. & Scherpen, J. M. A. Power supply–demand balance in a Smart Grid: An information sharing model for a market mechanism. Applied Mathematical Modelling vol. 38 3350–3360 (2014) – 10.1016/j.apm.2013.11.042
  • Larsen, G. K. H., van Foreest, N. D. & Scherpen, J. M. A. Distributed MPC Applied to a Network of Households With Micro-CHP and Heat Storage. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid vol. 5 2106–2114 (2014) – 10.1109/tsg.2014.2318901
  • Molderink, A., Bakker, V., Bosman, M. G. C., Hurink, J. L. & Smit, G. J. M. Management and Control of Domestic Smart Grid Technology. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid vol. 1 109–119 (2010) – 10.1109/tsg.2010.2055904
  • Rantzer, A. Dynamic dual decomposition for distributed control. 2009 American Control Conference 884–888 (2009) doi:10.1109/acc.2009.5160224 – 10.1109/acc.2009.5160224
  • Ru, Storage size determination for grid-connected photovoltaic systems. IEEE Trans. Sustainable Energy (2013)
  • Simpson-Porco, J. W., Dörfler, F. & Bullo, F. Synchronization and power sharing for droop-controlled inverters in islanded microgrids. Automatica vol. 49 2603–2611 (2013) – 10.1016/j.automatica.2013.05.018
  • Smith, J., Rylander, M., Rogers, L. & Dugan, R. It’s All in the Plans: Maximizing the Benefits and Minimizing the Impacts of DERs in an Integrated Grid. IEEE Power and Energy Magazine vol. 13 20–29 (2015) – 10.1109/mpe.2014.2379855
  • Tanenbaum, (2007)
  • Trip, S., Burger, M. & De Persis, C. An internal model approach to frequency regulation in inverter-based microgrids with time-varying voltages. 53rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control 223–228 (2014) doi:10.1109/cdc.2014.7039385 – 10.1109/cdc.2014.7039385
  • West, (2010)
  • Woods, (1996)
  • van der Schaft, A. L2 - Gain and Passivity Techniques in Nonlinear Control. Communications and Control Engineering (Springer London, 2000). doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-0507-7 – 10.1007/978-1-4471-0507-7