Adaptive Lyapunov–Hamiltonian Control Law for Multi-Cell Step-Up Fuel Cell Converters to Enhance DC Microgrid Stability Under Constant Power Loads

Authors

Anon Namin, Tatapong Phondee, Burin Yodwong, Pongsiri Mungporn, Nicu Bizon, Gianpaolo Vitale, Babak Nahid-Mobarakeh, Serge Pierfederici, Phatiphat Thounthong

Abstract

This paper proposes an adaptive Lyapunov–Hamiltonian control law for multi-cell interleaved boost converters in fuel cell (FC)-based dc microgrids under constant-power loads (CPLs). Conventional cascade proportional–integral (PI) controller can suffer from degraded damping, oscillation, or chattering when CPL effects become dominant. Using the port-Hamiltonian framework, the proposed method directly links the Lyapunov function to the system Hamiltonian, thereby ensuring large-signal stability through energy shaping and damping injection. Unlike earlier Hamiltonian-based methods, it avoids complex adaptive interconnection gains and introduces an adaptive inductor-current reference generation mechanism requiring only three physically meaningful tuning gains. The method is validated experimentally on a 2.5 kW two-cell interleaved PEMFC boost converter and further compared, through 50 kW simulations, with cascade PI and cascade sliding mode (SM) controllers. Results demonstrate effective dc-bus voltage regulation, balanced current sharing, fast recovery, and oscillation-free operation, with improved damping and robustness under severe CPL disturbances.

Citation

• Journal: IEEE Access
• Year: 2026
• Volume: 14
• Issue:
• Pages: 146947–146965
• Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
• DOI: 10.1109/access.2026.3733995

BibTeX

@article{Namin_2026,
  title={{Adaptive Lyapunov–Hamiltonian Control Law for Multi-Cell Step-Up Fuel Cell Converters to Enhance DC Microgrid Stability Under Constant Power Loads}},
  volume={14},
  ISSN={2169-3536},
  DOI={10.1109/access.2026.3733995},
  journal={IEEE Access},
  publisher={Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)},
  author={Namin, Anon and Phondee, Tatapong and Yodwong, Burin and Mungporn, Pongsiri and Bizon, Nicu and Vitale, Gianpaolo and Nahid-Mobarakeh, Babak and Pierfederici, Serge and Thounthong, Phatiphat},
  year={2026},
  pages={146947--146965}
}

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