Authors

Walter Gil-Gonzalez, Alejandro Garces, Olav B. Fosso

Abstract

This paper presents a passivity-based control method for a small hydro-power system that consists of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PSMG) connected to the grid through a back-to-back converter. Nonlinear models of the hydraulic, mechanical, and electrical parts of the small hydro-power system are considered. Two approaches in the realm of passivity-based control are implemented, namely, standard passivity-based control and PI-passive. These controls consider the intrinsic characteristics of the model, which has a port-Hamiltonian (pH) structure with a small hydro-power system in open-loop. The purpose is to design a control law with passive output which ensures asymptotic stability for closed-loop operation in the sense of Lyapunov’s theory. The paper is practically oriented, and hence, the proposed controllers are tested and compared with a conventional approach, in a 13.2 kV distribution feeder. The proposed controllers have been assessed and compared with a classical PI controller considering steady state and transient behaviors in small hydro-power plants (SHPs). Simulation results show that the proposed methodology guarantees stability and offers better dynamical performance.

Citation

  • Journal: IEEE Access
  • Year: 2020
  • Volume: 8
  • Issue:
  • Pages: 153001–153010
  • Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
  • DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3018027

BibTeX

@article{Gil_Gonzalez_2020,
  title={{Passivity-Based Control for Small Hydro-Power Generation With PMSG and VSC}},
  volume={8},
  ISSN={2169-3536},
  DOI={10.1109/access.2020.3018027},
  journal={IEEE Access},
  publisher={Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)},
  author={Gil-Gonzalez, Walter and Garces, Alejandro and Fosso, Olav B.},
  year={2020},
  pages={153001--153010}
}

Download the bib file

References

  • Cisneros R, Pirro M, Bergna G, Ortega R, Ippoliti G, Molinas M (2015) Global tracking passivity-based PI control of bilinear systems: Application to the interleaved boost and modular multilevel converters. Control Engineering Practice 43:109–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2015.07.002 – 10.1016/j.conengprac.2015.07.002
  • Ortega R, van der Schaft A, Maschke B, Escobar G (2002) Interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control of port-controlled Hamiltonian systems. Automatica 38(4):585–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-1098(01)00278-3 – 10.1016/s0005-1098(01)00278-3
  • Xu T, Zhang L, Zeng Y, Qian J (2012) Hamiltonian Model of Hydro Turbine with Sharing Common Conduit. In: 2012 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference. IEEE, pp 1–5 – 10.1109/appeec.2012.6307009
  • van der Schaft A (2017) L2-Gain and Passivity Techniques in Nonlinear Control. Springer International Publishing, Cham – 10.1007/978-3-319-49992-5
  • montoya, PI passivity-based control: Application to physical systems. (2016)
  • ortega, Passivity-Based Control of Euler-Lagrange Systems Mechanical Electrical and Electro-Mechanical Applications (2013)
  • Mancilla-David F, Ortega R (2012) Adaptive passivity-based control for maximum power extraction of stand-alone windmill systems. Control Engineering Practice 20(2):173–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2011.10.008 – 10.1016/j.conengprac.2011.10.008
  • Chen D, Ding C, Do Y, Ma X, Zhao H, Wang Y (2014) Nonlinear dynamic analysis for a Francis hydro-turbine governing system and its control. Journal of the Franklin Institute 351(9):4596–4618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfranklin.2014.07.002 – 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2014.07.002
  • Yuan X, Chen Z, Yuan Y, Huang Y, Li X, Li W (2016) Sliding mode controller of hydraulic generator regulating system based on the input/output feedback linearization method. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 119:18–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2015.08.020 – 10.1016/j.matcom.2015.08.020
  • Cerman O, Hušek P (2012) Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for electro-hydraulic servo mechanism. Expert Systems with Applications 39(11):10269–10277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2012.02.172 – 10.1016/j.eswa.2012.02.172
  • Nagode K, Škrjanc I (2014) Modelling and Internal Fuzzy Model Power Control of a Francis Water Turbine. Energies 7(2):874–889. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7020874 – 10.3390/en7020874
  • Li C, Mao Y, Zhou J, Zhang N, An X (2017) Design of a fuzzy-PID controller for a nonlinear hydraulic turbine governing system by using a novel gravitational search algorithm based on Cauchy mutation and mass weighting. Applied Soft Computing 52:290–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2016.10.035 – 10.1016/j.asoc.2016.10.035
  • Simani S, Alvisi S, Venturini M (2016) Fault tolerant control of a simulated hydroelectric system. Control Engineering Practice 51:13–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2016.03.010 – 10.1016/j.conengprac.2016.03.010
  • Zhang R, Chen D, Ma X (2015) Nonlinear Predictive Control of a Hydropower System Model. Entropy 17(9):6129–6149. https://doi.org/10.3390/e17096129 – 10.3390/e17096129
  • Zhu W, Zheng Y, Dai J, Zhou J (2017) Design of integrated synergetic controller for the excitation and governing system of hydraulic generator unit. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 58:79–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2016.12.001 – 10.1016/j.engappai.2016.12.001
  • Ma C, Liu C, Zhang X, Sun Y, Wu W, Xie J (2018) Fixed-Time Stability of the Hydraulic Turbine Governing System. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1352725 – 10.1155/2018/1352725
  • Borkowski D, Wegiel T (2013) Small Hydropower Plant With Integrated Turbine-Generators Working at Variable Speed. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 28(2):452–459. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2013.2247605 – 10.1109/tec.2013.2247605
  • Giraldo E, Garces A (2014) An Adaptive Control Strategy for a Wind Energy Conversion System Based on PWM-CSC and PMSG. IEEE Trans Power Syst 29(3):1446–1453. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2013.2283804 – 10.1109/tpwrs.2013.2283804
  • Hušek P (2014) PID controller design for hydraulic turbine based on sensitivity margin specifications. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 55:460–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.09.029 – 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.09.029
  • Baroudi JA, Dinavahi V, Knight AM (2007) A review of power converter topologies for wind generators. Renewable Energy 32(14):2369–2385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2006.12.002 – 10.1016/j.renene.2006.12.002
  • Borkowski D (2018) Analytical Model of Small Hydropower Plant Working at Variable Speed. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 33(4):1886–1894. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2018.2849573 – 10.1109/tec.2018.2849573
  • Fang H, Chen L, Shen Z (2011) Application of an improved PSO algorithm to optimal tuning of PID gains for water turbine governor. Energy Conversion and Management 52(4):1763–1770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.11.005 – 10.1016/j.enconman.2010.11.005
  • Golestan S, Guerrero JM, Vasquez JC (2017) Three-Phase PLLs: A Review of Recent Advances. IEEE Trans Power Electron 32(3):1894–1907. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2016.2565642 – 10.1109/tpel.2016.2565642
  • Yu X, Zhang J, Fan C, Chen S (2016) Stability analysis of governor-turbine-hydraulic system by state space method and graph theory. Energy 114:613–622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.07.164 – 10.1016/j.energy.2016.07.164
  • Gong X (2019) Optimization of the Power Generation Control Process of Hydraulic Turbine Set Based on the Improved BFO-PSO Algorithm. Journal of Coastal Research 94(sp1):227. https://doi.org/10.2112/si94-048.1 – 10.2112/si94-048.1
  • Beus M, Pandžić H (2020) Application of an adaptive model predictive control algorithm on the Pelton turbine governor control. IET Renewable Power Gen 14(10):1720–1727. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2019.1291 – 10.1049/iet-rpg.2019.1291
  • Xu C, Qian D (2015) Governor Design for a Hydropower Plant with an Upstream Surge Tank by GA-Based Fuzzy Reduced-Order Sliding Mode. Energies 8(12):13442–13457. https://doi.org/10.3390/en81212376 – 10.3390/en81212376
  • Guo W, Yang J, Wang M, Lai X (2015) Nonlinear modeling and stability analysis of hydro-turbine governing system with sloping ceiling tailrace tunnel under load disturbance. Energy Conversion and Management 106:127–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.09.026 – 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.09.026
  • Gil-Gonzalez WJ, Garces A, Fosso OB, Escobar-Mejia A (2020) Passivity-Based Control of Power Systems Considering Hydro-Turbine With Surge Tank. IEEE Trans Power Syst 35(3):2002–2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2019.2948360 – 10.1109/tpwrs.2019.2948360
  • Borkowski D (2017) Average-value model of energy conversion system consisting of PMSG, diode bridge rectifier and DPC-SVM controlled inverter. In: 2017 International Symposium on Electrical Machines (SME). IEEE, pp 1–6 – 10.1109/isem.2017.7993544
  • beddar, Real time implementation of improved fractional order proportional-integral controller for grid connected wind energy conversion system. Rev Roum Sci Tech Ser électrotech énerg (2016)
  • hamouda, Type-2 fuzzy logic predictive control of a grid connected wind power systems with integrated active power filter capabilities. J Power Electron (2017)
  • Ling D, Tao Y (2006) An Analysis of the Hopf Bifurcation in a Hydroturbine Governing System With Saturation. IEEE Trans On Energy Conversion 21(2):512–515. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2005.860407 – 10.1109/tec.2005.860407
  • Márquez JL, Molina MG, Pacas JM (2010) Dynamic modeling, simulation and control design of an advanced micro-hydro power plant for distributed generation applications. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 35(11):5772–5777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.02.100 – 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.02.100
  • machowski, Power System Dynamics Stability and Control (2020)
  • Babes B, Rahmani L, Chaoui A, Hamouda N (2017) Design and Experimental Validation of a Digital Predictive Controller for Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Systems. Journal of Power Electronics 17(1):232–241. https://doi.org/10.6113/jpe.2017.17.1.232 – 10.6113/jpe.2017.17.1.232